原文链接 https://lingxiankong.github.io/2014-05-20-heat-autoscaling-2.html
注：以下为加速网络访问所做的原文缓存，经过重新格式化，可能存在格式方面的问题，或偶有遗漏信息，请以原文为准。
之前的一篇博客讲了AWS和Heat中AutoScaling的机制和大概的实现，本篇是上一篇的姊妹篇，主要讲autoscaling在heat中的简单使用。
环境准备
我们还是以一个模板为例，模板内容如下：
{
"HeatTemplateFormatVersion": "2012-12-12",
"Description": "Template which create a base autoscaling for launch base.",
"Parameters": {
"InstanceType": {
"Type": "String"
},
"ImageId": {
"Type": "String"
},
"VPCZoneIdentifier": {
"Type": "CommaDelimitedList"
},
"MinSize": {
"Type": "String"
},
"MaxSize": {
"Type": "String"
},
"DesiredCapacity": {
"Type": "Number"
},
"Cooldown": {
"Type": "String",
"Default": "0"
}
},
"Resources": {
"WebServerGroup": {
"Type": "AWS::AutoScaling::AutoScalingGroup",
"Properties": {
"AvailabilityZones": {
"Fn::GetAZs": ""
},
"VPCZoneIdentifier": {
"Ref": "VPCZoneIdentifier"
},
"LaunchConfigurationName": {
"Ref": "LaunchConfig"
},
"MinSize": {
"Ref": "MinSize"
},
"MaxSize": {
"Ref": "MaxSize"
},
"DesiredCapacity": {
"Ref": "DesiredCapacity"
},
"Cooldown": {
"Ref": "Cooldown"
}
}
},
"WebServerScaleUpPolicy": {
"Type": "AWS::AutoScaling::ScalingPolicy",
"Properties": {
"AdjustmentType": "ChangeInCapacity",
"AutoScalingGroupName": {
"Ref": "WebServerGroup"
},
"ScalingAdjustment": "1"
}
},
"CPUAlarmHigh": {
"Type": "OS::Ceilometer::Alarm",
"Properties": {
"meter_name": "instance",
"statistic": "avg",
"period": "60",
"evaluation_periods": "1",
"threshold": "1",
"repeat_actions": true,
"matching_metadata": {
"metadata.user_metadata.groupname": {
"Ref": "WebServerGroup"
}
},
"alarm_actions": [
{
"Fn::GetAtt": [
"WebServerScaleUpPolicy",
"AlarmUrl"
]
}
],
"comparison_operator": "eq"
}
},
"LaunchConfig": {
"Type": "AWS::AutoScaling::LaunchConfiguration",
"Properties": {
"ImageId": {
"Ref": "ImageId"
},
"InstanceType": {
"Ref": "InstanceType"
}
}
}
}
}
大致的意思我就不多说了，可以参考AWS的文档。只需要注意那个告警的定义，意思是，如果每60s检测内系统中的instance资源的统计平均值等于1，就触发告警。
这个条件总是成立，这里只是为了试验，这个告警在实际使用中没有任何意义
另外，我环境上的一些资源信息如下，创建stack时需要在参数中指定，注意环境中已有3个虚拟机：
UVP:~ # nova list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
| 735f0e66-19f9-40b1-9c13-4588051d7270 | cirros_vm | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.4 |
| 3d2a4042-7859-4d6d-8fdf-719006faffe8 | waitcondition_test-MyServer-uscavjnqqbna | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.5 |
| 57702f03-859e-4d4d-81b5-d6d61dfd1a24 | waitcondition_test_1-MyServer-e5q5bf4g4qrz | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.6 |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
UVP:/home/kong # nova flavor-list
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True |
| 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True |
| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True |
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
nUVP:/home/kong # glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------+------------------+-----------+--------+
| ID | Name | Disk Format | Container Format | Size | Status |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------+------------------+-----------+--------+
| 414bcb4d-8e68-4dfe-8d21-31e9bb3d26fd | cirros | qcow2 | bare | 9159168 | active |
| 72fb9278-0957-4f3e-bc9d-9a842c6f3788 | F17-x86_64-cfntools | qcow2 | ovf | 476704768 | active |
| 252a1c83-7b7d-4776-a586-667d0b7311f4 | Ubuntu 12.04 cloudimg i386 | qcow2 | ovf | 213123072 | active |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------+------------------+-----------+--------+
UVP:/home/kong # neutron subnet-list
+--------------------------------------+------------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | cidr | allocation_pools |
+--------------------------------------+------------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| 5e011976-d15b-45e3-8a63-62f98f8d4a42 | external_subnet1 | 200.200.0.0/16 | {"start": "200.200.200.100", "end": "200.200.200.120"} |
| a03be99b-b78f-46d0-9311-e45fd8bcf92d | demo_subnet1 | 10.1.1.0/24 | {"start": "10.1.1.2", "end": "10.1.1.254"} |
+--------------------------------------+------------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
创建stack
UVP:/home/kong # heat stack-create autoscaling_test -f autoscaling.template -P "InstanceType=m1.tiny;ImageId=414bcb4d-8e68-4dfe-8d21-31e9bb3d26fd;VPCZoneIdentifier=a03be99b-b78f-46d0-9311-e45fd8bcf92d;MinSize=1;MaxSize=2;DesiredCapacity=1"
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------------------+----------------------+
| id | stack_name | stack_status | creation_time |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------------------+----------------------+
| b4fcc73b-83f6-42fc-8847-75c5dd829251 | waitcondition_test | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2014-05-13T15:07:27Z |
| f51e784d-0fbf-40ba-a580-423a2419e819 | waitcondition_test_1 | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2014-05-13T15:49:29Z |
| 0251d96f-af3a-4823-9aca-1c5fdea6475d | autoscaling_test | CREATE_IN_PROGRESS | 2014-05-20T13:50:17Z |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------------------+----------------------+
UVP:/home/kong # heat stack-list
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| id | stack_name | stack_status | creation_time |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| b4fcc73b-83f6-42fc-8847-75c5dd829251 | waitcondition_test | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2014-05-13T15:07:27Z |
| f51e784d-0fbf-40ba-a580-423a2419e819 | waitcondition_test_1 | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2014-05-13T15:49:29Z |
| 0251d96f-af3a-4823-9aca-1c5fdea6475d | autoscaling_test | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2014-05-20T13:50:17Z |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
查询虚拟机，看到环境中新增了一个虚拟机，该虚拟机属于stack中的autoscaling组：
UVP:/home/kong # nova list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
| 37f6bcd2-6964-49f0-97f9-f5c3a7e3f979 | au-ServerGroup-f35skwv4ty7k-slap352x6bpb-fv5dnk46nqim | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.8 |
| 735f0e66-19f9-40b1-9c13-4588051d7270 | cirros_vm | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.4 |
| 3d2a4042-7859-4d6d-8fdf-719006faffe8 | waitcondition_test-MyServer-uscavjnqqbna | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.5 |
| 57702f03-859e-4d4d-81b5-d6d61dfd1a24 | waitcondition_test_1-MyServer-e5q5bf4g4qrz | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.6 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
大概过上60秒，通过Ceilometer查询statistic，发现满足告警条件，会自动增加一个虚拟机：
UVP:/home/kong # nova list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
| 6245912b-1711-4efa-8baf-f0ef2adebaed | au-ServerGroup-f35skwv4ty7k-65khnyblzmr5-rtnas4aj4pah | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.9 |
| 37f6bcd2-6964-49f0-97f9-f5c3a7e3f979 | au-ServerGroup-f35skwv4ty7k-slap352x6bpb-fv5dnk46nqim | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.8 |
| 735f0e66-19f9-40b1-9c13-4588051d7270 | cirros_vm | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.4 |
| 3d2a4042-7859-4d6d-8fdf-719006faffe8 | waitcondition_test-MyServer-uscavjnqqbna | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.5 |
| 57702f03-859e-4d4d-81b5-d6d61dfd1a24 | waitcondition_test_1-MyServer-e5q5bf4g4qrz | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo_net1=10.1.1.6 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------+
其他观察点
Ceilometer
通过Ceilometer看一下告警的信息：
UVP:/home/kong # ceilometer alarm-show -a 4a394c06-0653-43be-8be6-9ac33d2515c5
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| alarm_actions | [u'http://172.25.150.8:8000/v1/signal/arn%3Aopenstack%3Aheat%3A%3A57314a |
| | 8980b34c6ba3ece5cd19ff6214%3Astacks%2Fautoscaling_test%2F0251d96f- |
| | af3a-4823-9aca-1c5fdea6475d%2Fresources%2FWebServerScaleUpPolicy?Timesta |
| | mp=2014-05-20T13%3A50%3A26Z&SignatureMethod=HmacSHA256&AWSAccessKeyId=48 |
| | c2804055b04be988f3b5b9adeac486&SignatureVersion=2&Signature=6nWhUK8FTO63 |
| | qDLRp0xkWx68lQGlf%2BvZgB44Dm%2BujP8%3D'] |
| alarm_id | 4a394c06-0653-43be-8be6-9ac33d2515c5 |
| comparison_operator | eq |
| description | Alarm when instance is eq a avg of 1.0 over 60 seconds |
| enabled | True |
| evaluation_periods | 1 |
| exclude_outliers | False |
| insufficient_data_actions | [] |
| meter_name | instance |
| name | autoscaling_test-CPUAlarmHigh-wrly4nxupktb |
| ok_actions | [] |
| period | 60 |
| project_id | 57314a8980b34c6ba3ece5cd19ff6214 |
| query | metadata.user_metadata.groupname == autoscaling_test-WebServerGroup- |
| | f35skwv4ty7k |
| repeat_actions | True |
| state | alarm |
| statistic | avg |
| threshold | 1.0 |
| type | threshold |
| user_id | 6114fcc32cd342859d1462d932144faa |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
注意alarm_actions字段，其实就是一个URL，还记得Heat服务简介么？错过的童鞋请恶补一下吧。
Nova
看一下通过Heat中autoscaling创建的虚拟机有什么不同之处：
UVP:/home/kong # nova show 37f6bcd2-6964-49f0-97f9-f5c3a7e3f979
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | UVP |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | UVP |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00000006 |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 1 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | 2014-05-20T13:50:25.000000 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2014-05-20T13:50:19Z |
| demo_net1 network | 10.1.1.8 |
| flavor | m1.tiny (1) |
| hostId | c058bf4191ba5b03d9410d850e050be5ab884df3fd0d804801d39d6f |
| id | 37f6bcd2-6964-49f0-97f9-f5c3a7e3f979 |
| image | cirros (414bcb4d-8e68-4dfe-8d21-31e9bb3d26fd) |
| key_name | - |
| metadata | {"metering.groupname": "autoscaling_test-WebServerGroup-f35skwv4ty7k", "AutoScalingGroupName": "autoscaling_test-WebServerGroup-f35skwv4ty7k"} |
| name | au-ServerGroup-f35skwv4ty7k-slap352x6bpb-fv5dnk46nqim |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | 57314a8980b34c6ba3ece5cd19ff6214 |
| updated | 2014-05-20T13:50:25Z |
| user_id | 6114fcc32cd342859d1462d932144faa |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
请注意其中的metadata字段的内容。Ceilometer会根据这个字段匹配监控的虚拟机指标。