在 Medium 上看到的同名文章，把知识点总结了一下，做成了笔记，把链接都贴在这

1. Can you name two programming paradigms important for JavaScript app developers?

JavaScript 是一种支持多种范式语言(multi-paradigm language,也就是说是多种编程方式，或者叫风格)，可以结合面向对象进行指令式／程序编程，还可以函数式编程。JavaScript 用 原型继承 来实现面向对象编程

Good to hear:

• Prototypal inheritance (also: prototypes, OLOO).
• Functional programming (also: closures, first class functions, lambdas).

lambdas: anonymous functions

2. What is functional programming?

函数式编程是 JavaScript 中一个很重要的概念，越来越多的函数式编程的特征都被添加到 ES5 ES6 中

Good to hear:

• Pure functions / function purity.
• Avoid side-effects.
• Simple function composition.
• Examples of functional languages: Lisp, ML, Haskell, Erlang, Clojure, Elm, F Sharp, OCaml, etc…
• Mention of features that support FP: first-class functions, higher order functions, functions as arguments/values.

higher order functions: a function that takes or returns a function

3. What is the difference between classical inheritance and prototypal inheritance?

Good to hear:

• Classes: create tight coupling or hierarchies/taxonomies.
• Prototypes: mentions of concatenative inheritance, prototype delegation, functional inheritance, object composition.

4. What are the pros and cons of functional programming vs object-oriented programming?

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5. When is classical inheritance an appropriate choice?

Good to hear:

• NEVER

Classical Inheritance and Prototypal Inheritance

6.When is prototypal inheritance an appropriate choice?

In JavaScript, prototypal inheritance is simpler & more flexible than classical inheritance.

Prototypal Inheritance 不仅仅有一种类型

• Delegation (i.e., the prototype chain)
• Concatenative (i.e. mixins, Object.assign)
• Functional (Not to be confused with functional programming. A function used to create a closure for private state/encapsulation)

其实这三种类型都有最适合的应用场景，Delegation 一般是用来存放我们的方法，因为这些方法一般比较通用，不会常常修改。而 Concatenative 可以让我们结合多个原型的属性和方法，可以说成是多继承。最常见的就是我们的对象要继承我们的 EventEmitter，用来添加事件监听和事件驱动，例如 Flux 里的 Store。而 Functional 则可以存储我们的私有变量和私有方法

7. What does “favor composition over class inheritance” mean?

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8. What are two-way data binding and one-way data flow, and how are they different?

双向绑定是指页面的一些字段和数据动态的绑定在了一起，任意一端变化都会引起另一端的变化(Angular)。也因为这样，会有很多副作用，也不容易理解

数据单向流动是指数据模型才是王道，与页面的交互只能给数据模型信号，只有数据模型才可以去修改我们的数据，才可以去改变我们应用的状态(Flux)。因为数据是单向流动的，所以更容易理解

Good to hear:

• React is the new canonical example of one-way data flow, so mentions of React are a good signal. Cycle.js is another popular implementation of uni-directional data flow.
• Angular is a popular framework which uses two-way binding.

9. What are the pros and cons of monolithic vs microservice architectures?

整体架构和微服务架构的好与坏...

Get 唔到，睇原文

10. What is asynchronous programming, and why is it important in JavaScript?

同步编程指编程的执行会受条件和功能调用的限制，代码总是从顶至底执行，当遇到网络请求和磁盘I / O的时候，就会阻塞

异步编程是指程序在 Event Loop 里面跑，当我们有请求，有阻塞的时候，代码不会停在那里等结果，而是继续往下执行。当结果返回了，其他代码也执行完了的时候，就可以执行我们的回调函数，这样，单线程也能解决很多并发的问题

这在 JavaScript 中很重要是因为

• 页面本来就是异步的，他大部分的时间都在在等待着用户都他进行操作，然后再执行相应的回调
• 而在服务器端依旧如此，在我们等待请求返回的时候，还可以依旧接受其他的请求，这对服务器的性能非常有利

What the hack is the event loop anyway 对 Event Loop 理解，这个视频一定要看

Good to hear:

• An understanding of what blocking means, and the performance implications.
• An understanding of event handling, and why its important for UI code.